HOW TOUCH SCREEN WORKS

Hai Guys..!!

A survey is done in usage of mobile phones in Human being.It freaks!!! normaly people use their smartphone 120minutes a day.Nowdays smartphones are more affordable for all.We can see peoples like they will be without food for a day,they cant be without Smartphones.

I have doubt regarding how the touchscreen of smart-phones works.Many people are googling it.But cant get revalent information.Inorder to make others to know about Working of TOUCHSCREENs,I am making a post.

There are more touch screen techonology like RESISTIVE,SURFACE CAPACITIVE,ACUOSTICS,OPTICAL IMAGING etc.

The most commonly used touchscreens in mobile phone are

                                                                     * RESISTIVE

                                                                     * SURFACE CAPACITIVE 

*  RESISTIVE-SCREEN

            -In this screen if we touch the screen its hard to work,we can feel the touch,touches har

            -There are two layer is in this touchscreen

                         * Conductive layer

                         * Resistive layer

             -This two layers are separeted by a tiny DOTS called as SPACERS

             - Conductive layer is connected to power supply.

    WORKING

         -When we touch the resistive layer its get contacted(touch) with conductive layer,On the touch part the             corresponding program will be runing.

         - This touches are done in X-Y planes.

         -It uses ambient light which means light around the display.

CAPACITIVE SCREENS

            -Capacitives touches are soft handled.We should not put stress like resistive.

            -Capacitives screens are made up of COPPER,INDIUM TIN OXIDE,in which they store electric charges in electro-static fashion.

             -It consits of three layers

                                         * GLASS SUBSTRATE

                                         * CONDUCTIVE LAYER

                                         *  PROTECTION LAYER

            -This layer are connected by electrode in corners.

            -This layers are connected to a controller.

WORKING

          - Electrode provides a electric voltage to the conductive layer in uniform electric-field.

          - When a finger touches the screen,a tiny electric charges produces,create a voltage drop at touched area.The location of the voltage drop are calculated in controller in X-Y plane.It makes the app to run.

THIS HOW TOUCH SCREEN WORKS.

     

AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT'S AND FAN'S TURNING ON AND OFF CIRCUIT

HAI GUYS..!!

Peoples are busy with their

mobiles and working in office,they forget to turn off the light's and fan's in the room.Which result huge amount in electric bill.Inorder to overcome this issue I am going to post about AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT AND FAN TURNING OFF AND ON CIRCUIT.

DESCRIPTION

 An ordinary automatic room power control circuit has only one light sensor. So when a person enters the room it gets one pulse and the lights come ?on.? When the person goes out it gets another pulse and the lights go ?off.? But what happens when two persons enter the room, one after the other? It gets two pulses and the lights remain in ?off? state. The circuit described here overcomes the above-mentioned problem. It has a small memory which enables it to automatically switch ?on? and switch ?off? the lights in a desired fashion. The circuit uses two LDRs which are placed one after another (separated by a distance of say half a metre) so that they may separately sense a person going into the room or coming out of the room. Outputs of the two LDR sensors, after processing, are used in conjunction with a bicolour LED in such a fashion that when a person gets into the room it emits green light and when a person goes out of the room it emits red light, and vice versa. These outputs are simultaneously applied to two counters. One of the counters will count as +1, +2, +3 etc when persons are getting into the room and the other will count as -1, -2, -3 etc when persons are getting out of the room. These counters make use of Johnson decade counter CD4017 ICs. The next stage comprises two logic ICs which can combine the outputs of the two counters and determine if there is any person still left in the room or not. Since in the circuit LDRs have been used, care should be taken to protect them from ambient light. If desired, one may use readily available IR sensor modules to replace the LDRs. The sensors are installed in such a way that when a person enters or leaves the room, he intercepts the light falling on them sequentially?one after the other. When a person enters the room, first he would obstruct the light falling on LDR1, followed by that falling on LDR2. When a person leaves the room it will be the other way round. In the normal case light keeps falling on both the LDRs, and as such their resistance is low (about 5 kilo-ohms). As a result, pin 2 of both timers (IC1 and IC2), which have been configured as monostable flip-flops, are held near the supply voltage (+9V). When the light falling on the LDRs is obstructed, their resistance becomes very high and pin 2 voltages drop to near ground potential, thereby triggering the flip-flops. Capacitors across pin 2 and ground have been added to avoid false triggering due to electrical noise. When a person enters the room, LDR1 is triggered first and it results in triggering of monostable IC1. The short output pulse immediately charges up capacitor C5, forward biasing transistor pair T1-T2. But at this instant the collectors of transistors T1 and T2 are in high impedance state as IC2 pin 3 is at low potential and diode D4 is not conducting. But when the same person passes LDR2, IC2 monostable flip-flop is triggered. Its pin 3 goes high and this potential is coupled to transistor pair T1-T2 via diode D4. As a result transistor pair T1-T2 conducts because capacitor C5 retains the charge for some time as its discharge time is controlled by resistor R5 (and R7 to an extent). Thus green LED portion of bi-colour LED is lit momentarily. The same output is also coupled to IC3 for which it acts as a clock. With entry of each person IC3 output (high state) keeps advancing. At this stage transistor pair T3-T4 cannot conduct because output pin 3 of IC1 is no longer positive as its output pulse duration is quite short and hence transistor collectors are in high impedance state. When persons leave the room, LDR2 is triggered first followed by LDR1. Since the bottom half portion of circuit is identical to top half, this time with the departure of each person red portion of bi-colour LED is lit momentarily and output of IC4 advances in the same fashion as in case of IC3. The outputs of IC3 and those of IC4 (after inversion by inverter gates N1 through N4) are ANDed by AND gates (A1 through A4) are then wire ORed (using diodes D5 through D8). The net effect is that when persons are entering, the output of at least one of the AND gates is high, causing transistor T5 to conduct and energise relay RL1. The bulb connected to the supply via N/O contact of relay RL1 also lights up. When persons are leaving the room, and till all the persons who entered the room have left, the wired OR output continues to remain high, i.e. the bulb continues to remains ?on,? until all persons who entered the room have left. The maximum number of persons that this circuit can handle is limited to four since on receipt of fifth clock pulse the counters are reset. The capacity of the circuit can be easily extended for up to nine persons by removing the connection of pin 1 from reset pin (15) and utilising Q1 to Q9 outputs of CD4017 counters. Additional inverters, AND gates and diodes will, however, be required

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

        PLEASE LEAVE YOUR COMMENT IF YOU HAVE DOUBT AND SUGGESTION

TV Remote Control Blocker/Jammer

Hai guys..!!

*This post is not that much core type.It  is for hobbyist persons which they can make at their home.It is the best instrument for sister and brother fighting for tv.In which it block the signal from remote of television.

*In which remote emits IR-Rays which are blocked by jammer/Blocker

*Circuit is self explanatory.555timer is wired as an astable multivibrator for a frequency of 38Mhz.

*The transistor act as a current source supplying roughly 25mA to the infra red LEDs.

*To increase the range of the circuit simply decrease the value of the 180ohm resister not less than 100ohm.

 

*This can be done trial and error until the remote no longer respond.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

 

CONTROL PC/LAPTOP USING SMARTPHONE

Nowdays people live without food,but they cannot survie without smartphones.Smartphones are the best gadgets for the peoples.Many people will have smartphones for playing games,messengers etc.But most of the people dont know the extact use of the smartphones.

We can use smartphones to control your pc /laptop by using as keyboard and mouse etc.

 That is simple method in which can handle the pc/laptop around 10meter wirelessly.

By wifi/bluetooth.

Apps are remote server,remote control,mouse server etc

Now i will illustrate one app for controlling your pc/laptop.

ILLUSTRATION

* Download Mouse server from your play store install it.

* Now download mouse server for your computer from Mouse server and install it in your system.

* Now configuration part,Open the app in your smartphone.

* If your wifi modem in your house,know the ip address and enter the ip address in your smartphone.

* If you have bluetooth pair with pc/laptop and smartphone.

* Now click ok,The app starts runing in pc/laptop and smartphone.

* Use gesture for pointer and use keyboard for replace in pc/laptop.

THANKING YOU

Long Range FM Transmitter

This FM  transmitter circuit described here has an extra rf power amplifier stage,after the oscillator stage,to raise the power output to 200-250 milliwatts.With a good mathcing 50-ohm ground-plane atenna or multi-element Yagi antenna,this transmitter can provide reasonably good signal strength  to a distance of about 2 km.

The circuit build around transistor T1(BF494) is a basic low power variable-frequency VHF pscillator.A varicap didoe curcuit is included to change the frequency of the transmitter  and to provide frequency modulation by audio signals.The output of the oscillator is about 50milliwatts.T2(2N3866) forms a VHF-class A power amplifier.It boost the oscillator signals power four to five times

For best result,assemble the circuit on a good quality glass epoxy board and house the transmitter inside an aluminium case.Shield the oscillator stage using an aluminium sheet coil winding are given below:

L1 - 4 Turns with 20 SWG

L2 - 2 Turns with 20 SWG

L3 - 7 Turns with 24 Swg

L4 - 7 Turns with 24 SWg

Potentiometer VR1 is used to set the center frequency whereas potentiometer VR2 is used for power control.Do not switch on the transmitter without a matching antenna.

In place of mic you can place mp3 player etc

For Fm Receiver use your mobile phones or fm radio tune it for frequency

Frequency used is between : 87Mhz to 107Mhz

This transmitter is used only for educational purpose and hobby purpose.For frequent use its illegal in india.

2-way To Spy Whats app of Others

Nova Explosion

The universe is full of wonders and mysteries. Images of an expanding fireball of a nova explosion have finally been observed in miraculous detail for the first time ever. A nova is the thermonuclear explosion of hydrogen on the surface of a dead star called a white dwarf.

When a white dwarf comes into a very close orbit with a companion star, it can suck hydrogen off the other star onto its own surface.

Once this hydrogen ocean reaches a depth of around 200 metres, gravity produces enough pressure to trigger thermonuclear fusion, which is pretty much a stellar atomic bomb that is visible many light years away.

This powerful wonderous nova explosion that was bright enough to be seen with the naked eye, is providing scientists with new clues about these powerful stellar blasts.

Artist’s conception of a star system responsible for a nova explosion. A stream of matter is being drawn from the donor star (right) by the compact white dwarf (left)